{
 "slug": "caillebotte-paris-1877",
 "station": {
  "name": "Paris-Montsouris",
  "id": "75114001",
  "lat": 48.821667,
  "lon": 2.337833,
  "distance_km": 6.6,
  "distance_to": "place de Dublin, formerly the crossing of the rue de Turin and the rue de Moscou"
 },
 "window": {
  "start": "1877-01-01",
  "end": "1877-04-04",
  "days": 94,
  "basis": "Signed 1877 and first shown at the third Impressionist exhibition, which opened on 4 April 1877."
 },
 "definitions": {
  "rain_day": "A day with at least 1.0 mm in the gauge (the usual climatological wet day).",
  "any_rain": "A day with at least 0.1 mm.",
  "leap_day": "29 February is left out of every year so each window has the same 94 days."
 },
 "target": {
  "rain_days_1mm": 40,
  "rain_days_any": 65,
  "total_mm": 164.7,
  "wettest_date": "1877-03-20",
  "wettest_mm": 19.5
 },
 "reference": {
  "years": "1991–2020",
  "rain_days_1mm": 29.7,
  "rain_days_any": 43.4,
  "total_mm": 140.8
 },
 "rank": {
  "value": 14,
  "of": 152,
  "more": 13,
  "tied_including_1877": 2,
  "note": "Rank by days with at least 1 mm, wettest first, among complete windows 1873–2024."
 },
 "series": [
  {
   "date": "1877-01-01",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 8.5,
   "tx": 13.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-02",
   "rain_mm": 0.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 6.5,
   "tx": 10.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-03",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.8,
   "tx": 13.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-04",
   "rain_mm": 7.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.1,
   "tx": 11.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-05",
   "rain_mm": 2.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 6.6,
   "tx": 10.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-06",
   "rain_mm": 1.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.7,
   "tx": 11.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-07",
   "rain_mm": 4.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.7,
   "tx": 14.1
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-08",
   "rain_mm": 0.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.9,
   "tx": 15.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-09",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 8.1,
   "tx": 14.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-10",
   "rain_mm": 0.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.1,
   "tx": 14.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-11",
   "rain_mm": 1.7,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.0,
   "tx": 9.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-12",
   "rain_mm": 0.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 1.6,
   "tx": 6.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-13",
   "rain_mm": 0.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.2,
   "tx": 5.2
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-14",
   "rain_mm": 3.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 2.1,
   "tx": 9.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-15",
   "rain_mm": 0.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.6,
   "tx": 9.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-16",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.9,
   "tx": 8.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-17",
   "rain_mm": 2.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 1.8,
   "tx": 8.2
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-18",
   "rain_mm": 0.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.9,
   "tx": 9.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-19",
   "rain_mm": 0.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.9,
   "tx": 13.1
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-20",
   "rain_mm": 1.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.6,
   "tx": 9.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-21",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -1.4,
   "tx": 3.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-22",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -1.9,
   "tx": 1.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-23",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -4.9,
   "tx": 6.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-24",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -5.6,
   "tx": 2.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-25",
   "rain_mm": 2.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -1.2,
   "tx": 9.1
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-26",
   "rain_mm": 1.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.9,
   "tx": 6.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-27",
   "rain_mm": 0.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -1.4,
   "tx": 5.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-28",
   "rain_mm": 5.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.1,
   "tx": 11.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-29",
   "rain_mm": 0.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 2.5,
   "tx": 8.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-30",
   "rain_mm": 5.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.5,
   "tx": 8.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-01-31",
   "rain_mm": 0.3,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 2.6,
   "tx": 8.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-01",
   "rain_mm": 5.9,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.6,
   "tx": 10.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-02",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 6.5,
   "tx": 12.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-03",
   "rain_mm": 0.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.5,
   "tx": 11.1
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-04",
   "rain_mm": 0.8,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 1.9,
   "tx": 10.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-05",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -1.6,
   "tx": 8.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-06",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.9,
   "tx": 11.2
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-07",
   "rain_mm": 0.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 8.0,
   "tx": 13.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-08",
   "rain_mm": 3.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.0,
   "tx": 12.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-09",
   "rain_mm": 0.3,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 6.3,
   "tx": 11.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-10",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.8,
   "tx": 12.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-11",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.8,
   "tx": 10.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-12",
   "rain_mm": 3.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.8,
   "tx": 12.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-13",
   "rain_mm": 6.7,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.7,
   "tx": 13.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-14",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 9.8,
   "tx": 12.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-15",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.2,
   "tx": 13.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-16",
   "rain_mm": 2.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.2,
   "tx": 8.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-17",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.6,
   "tx": 9.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-18",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.3,
   "tx": 9.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-19",
   "rain_mm": 4.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.9,
   "tx": 8.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-20",
   "rain_mm": 7.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 2.1,
   "tx": 7.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-21",
   "rain_mm": 0.6,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 1.5,
   "tx": 6.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-22",
   "rain_mm": 2.5,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.4,
   "tx": 6.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-23",
   "rain_mm": 0.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 1.0,
   "tx": 4.1
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-24",
   "rain_mm": 0.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.9,
   "tx": 8.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-25",
   "rain_mm": 1.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.7,
   "tx": 11.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-26",
   "rain_mm": 1.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 2.7,
   "tx": 10.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-27",
   "rain_mm": 1.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.7,
   "tx": 8.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-02-28",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -3.3,
   "tx": 3.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-01",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -2.6,
   "tx": 4.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-02",
   "rain_mm": 2.5,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.8,
   "tx": 5.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-03",
   "rain_mm": 0.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.5,
   "tx": 11.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-04",
   "rain_mm": 2.3,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.4,
   "tx": 10.2
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-05",
   "rain_mm": 0.9,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.6,
   "tx": 8.2
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-06",
   "rain_mm": 2.7,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.1,
   "tx": 6.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-07",
   "rain_mm": 1.7,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.2,
   "tx": 4.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-08",
   "rain_mm": 0.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.0,
   "tx": 6.1
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-09",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.9,
   "tx": 4.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-10",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -3.6,
   "tx": 2.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-11",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -4.8,
   "tx": 1.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-12",
   "rain_mm": 0.1,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -6.2,
   "tx": 5.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-13",
   "rain_mm": 0.8,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.1,
   "tx": 11.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-14",
   "rain_mm": 0.9,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.6,
   "tx": 10.4
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-15",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 6.6,
   "tx": 11.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-16",
   "rain_mm": 2.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.6,
   "tx": 11.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-17",
   "rain_mm": 3.7,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 2.1,
   "tx": 10.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-18",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.5,
   "tx": 9.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-19",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 0.4,
   "tx": 9.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-20",
   "rain_mm": 19.5,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 2.6,
   "tx": 12.3
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-21",
   "rain_mm": 1.8,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 1.5,
   "tx": 7.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-22",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.1,
   "tx": 7.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-23",
   "rain_mm": 5.4,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": -0.9,
   "tx": 9.2
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-24",
   "rain_mm": 2.7,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.0,
   "tx": 11.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-25",
   "rain_mm": 5.5,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.0,
   "tx": 11.9
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-26",
   "rain_mm": 4.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.5,
   "tx": 11.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-27",
   "rain_mm": 7.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 4.5,
   "tx": 12.0
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-28",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.2,
   "tx": 15.8
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-29",
   "rain_mm": 1.8,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 8.9,
   "tx": 17.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-30",
   "rain_mm": 4.5,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 7.8,
   "tx": 15.7
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-03-31",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 3.8,
   "tx": 15.1
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-04-01",
   "rain_mm": 0.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.0,
   "tx": 12.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-04-02",
   "rain_mm": 0.2,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 8.3,
   "tx": 14.5
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-04-03",
   "rain_mm": 1.9,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 5.3,
   "tx": 17.6
  },
  {
   "date": "1877-04-04",
   "rain_mm": 7.0,
   "rain_quality": "1",
   "tn": 8.2,
   "tx": 22.2
  }
 ],
 "years": [
  {
   "year": 1873,
   "rain_days_1mm": 32,
   "rain_days_any": 47,
   "total_mm": 136.8
  },
  {
   "year": 1874,
   "rain_days_1mm": 14,
   "rain_days_any": 43,
   "total_mm": 56.5
  },
  {
   "year": 1875,
   "rain_days_1mm": 19,
   "rain_days_any": 40,
   "total_mm": 82.7
  },
  {
   "year": 1876,
   "rain_days_1mm": 30,
   "rain_days_any": 53,
   "total_mm": 130.8
  },
  {
   "year": 1877,
   "rain_days_1mm": 40,
   "rain_days_any": 65,
   "total_mm": 164.7
  },
  {
   "year": 1878,
   "rain_days_1mm": 22,
   "rain_days_any": 47,
   "total_mm": 100.4
  },
  {
   "year": 1879,
   "rain_days_1mm": 30,
   "rain_days_any": 51,
   "total_mm": 140.2
  },
  {
   "year": 1880,
   "rain_days_1mm": 21,
   "rain_days_any": 30,
   "total_mm": 83.9
  },
  {
   "year": 1881,
   "rain_days_1mm": 29,
   "rain_days_any": 53,
   "total_mm": 162.5
  },
  {
   "year": 1882,
   "rain_days_1mm": 12,
   "rain_days_any": 32,
   "total_mm": 64.6
  },
  {
   "year": 1883,
   "rain_days_1mm": 25,
   "rain_days_any": 49,
   "total_mm": 120.8
  },
  {
   "year": 1884,
   "rain_days_1mm": 17,
   "rain_days_any": 35,
   "total_mm": 79.6
  },
  {
   "year": 1885,
   "rain_days_1mm": 26,
   "rain_days_any": 42,
   "total_mm": 107.2
  },
  {
   "year": 1886,
   "rain_days_1mm": 25,
   "rain_days_any": 43,
   "total_mm": 133.4
  },
  {
   "year": 1887,
   "rain_days_1mm": 11,
   "rain_days_any": 27,
   "total_mm": 45.2
  },
  {
   "year": 1888,
   "rain_days_1mm": 37,
   "rain_days_any": 59,
   "total_mm": 152.2
  },
  {
   "year": 1889,
   "rain_days_1mm": 33,
   "rain_days_any": 57,
   "total_mm": 134.5
  },
  {
   "year": 1890,
   "rain_days_1mm": 20,
   "rain_days_any": 38,
   "total_mm": 85.8
  },
  {
   "year": 1891,
   "rain_days_1mm": 20,
   "rain_days_any": 44,
   "total_mm": 115.8
  },
  {
   "year": 1892,
   "rain_days_1mm": 25,
   "rain_days_any": 47,
   "total_mm": 129.5
  },
  {
   "year": 1893,
   "rain_days_1mm": 26,
   "rain_days_any": 44,
   "total_mm": 116.4
  },
  {
   "year": 1894,
   "rain_days_1mm": 25,
   "rain_days_any": 43,
   "total_mm": 95.3
  },
  {
   "year": 1895,
   "rain_days_1mm": 22,
   "rain_days_any": 46,
   "total_mm": 82.0
  },
  {
   "year": 1896,
   "rain_days_1mm": 4,
   "rain_days_any": 18,
   "total_mm": 13.1
  },
  {
   "year": 1897,
   "rain_days_1mm": 37,
   "rain_days_any": 52,
   "total_mm": 176.8
  },
  {
   "year": 1898,
   "rain_days_1mm": 25,
   "rain_days_any": 44,
   "total_mm": 132.9
  },
  {
   "year": 1899,
   "rain_days_1mm": 21,
   "rain_days_any": 30,
   "total_mm": 110.5
  },
  {
   "year": 1900,
   "rain_days_1mm": 38,
   "rain_days_any": 53,
   "total_mm": 180.8
  },
  {
   "year": 1901,
   "rain_days_1mm": 33,
   "rain_days_any": 51,
   "total_mm": 145.9
  },
  {
   "year": 1902,
   "rain_days_1mm": 22,
   "rain_days_any": 39,
   "total_mm": 120.7
  },
  {
   "year": 1903,
   "rain_days_1mm": 27,
   "rain_days_any": 42,
   "total_mm": 112.5
  },
  {
   "year": 1904,
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   "title": "Météo-France daily climatological data, Paris, before 1949",
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   "license_url": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/licence-ouverte-open-licence/"
  },
  "mf-1950-2024": {
   "title": "Météo-France daily climatological data, Paris, 1950–2024",
   "url": "https://meteofrance.s3.sbg.io.cloud.ovh.net/data/synchro_ftp/BASE/QUOT/Q_75_previous-1950-2024_RR-T-Vent.csv.gz",
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   "license": "Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0",
   "license_url": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/licence-ouverte-open-licence/"
  },
  "osm-place-de-dublin": {
   "title": "OpenStreetMap Nominatim: Place de Dublin, Paris",
   "url": "https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?q=Place+de+Dublin%2C+Paris&format=json&limit=1",
   "sha256": "901deb2007427ff3a77f4936bbcd9e63c19523f1cfb92ff1b54f95e65e9c430f",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-09-23",
   "license": "ODbL 1.0, © OpenStreetMap contributors",
   "excerpt": "\"lat\":\"48.8807844\",\"lon\":\"2.3246845\""
  },
  "aic-caillebotte-catalogue": {
   "title": "Art Institute of Chicago, Caillebotte scholarly catalogue, cat. 2",
   "url": "https://publications.artic.edu/caillebotte/reader/paintingsanddrawings/section/135470",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19",
   "license": "Citation excerpts; source rights retained",
   "excerpts": [
    "“the intersection made by the rue de Turin and the rue de Moscou.”",
    "Rue de Paris; temps de pluie , as listed in the exhibition catalogue",
    "Unofficially known as the “carrefour de la rue de Moscou,” in January 1987 the intersection was officially given the name “place de Dublin”",
    "the initial on-site stage of Caillebotte’s sketch",
    "the most logical arrangement would have been to tack the loose canvas to the studio wall",
    "the hint of sun after the rain",
    "The almost shadowless grey light of the sky"
   ]
  },
  "bnf-exhibition": {
   "title": "BnF, Degas en noir et blanc, chronology",
   "url": "https://www.bnf.fr/sites/default/files/2023-04/DP_Degas_en_noir_et_blanc.pdf",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19",
   "license": "Citation excerpt; source rights retained",
   "locator": "Chronologie, p. 19, 1877 entry",
   "excerpt": "4 avril 1877 Exposition de peinture (troisième exposition impressionniste) au 6, rue Le Peletier (Paris)"
  }
 }
}