{
 "schema": "nephos.method.v1",
 "slug": "omalley-kilkenny-sanatorium-1949",
 "title": "Tony O'Malley, Landscape, Kilkenny Sanatorium, Kells Road",
 "urls": [
  "/studies/omalley-kilkenny-sanatorium-1949"
 ],
 "written": {
  "summary": "Butler Gallery dates the work to 1949. Nephos’s reading of the picture, not a museum statement: bare trees, a heavy grey sky and grey-white ground suggest winter. January–February and November–December are tested separately; neither is assigned to the picture.",
  "items": [
   {
    "quote": "in a sanatorium in Kilkenny city (1947–50)",
    "source": "Lawrence William White, Dictionary of Irish Biography, 2010; retrospective biography",
    "url": "https://www.dib.ie/biography/omalley-tony-anthony-a9352"
   }
  ]
 },
 "records": [
  {
   "name": "Kilkenny G.S. daily rainfall, station 1213",
   "detail": "January–February: 27 rain days and 77.1 mm. November–December: 46 rain days and 124.0 mm. Rain day means at least 0.2 mm.",
   "url": "https://clidata.met.ie/cli/climate_data/webdatac/dly1213.csv"
  },
  {
   "name": "Dublin Airport: a separate regional comparison",
   "detail": "Daily minimum temperature and sunshine, 109.6 km from the Kilkenny gauge. Both 1949 windows and all 30 matching 1991–2020 windows are complete.",
   "url": "https://clidata.met.ie/cli/climate_data/webdata/dly532.csv"
  }
 ],
 "gaps": [
  "No month, day, hour or precise viewpoint is established by the image or checked biography.",
  "No local 1949 frost or sunshine series was recovered; the later Kilkenny synoptic file starts in 1957.",
  "No local newspaper weather article was verified. The contemporary quotation is a regional report, not a Kilkenny eyewitness."
 ],
 "tests": [
  {
   "claim": "Was the winter exceptionally wet at Kilkenny?",
   "result": "Early window: 3 from driest of 26. Late window: 5 from driest of 28, yet its 46 rain days tie for the highest count. Frequent light rain and a low total coexist."
  },
  {
   "claim": "Does the regional record support an exceptionally cold, sunless season?",
   "result": "No: Dublin Airport had 5 air-frost days in each window, against 14.1 and 10.0 in 1991–2020. Sunshine was 154.2 and 141.5 hours, above the corresponding 140.8 and 127.9. This does not measure Kilkenny’s sky."
  },
  {
   "claim": "Can the records select the painted day or prove altered weather?",
   "result": "No. The winter reading defines two comparison windows. Neither weather resemblance nor the sanatorium biography dates the scene or establishes a change to it."
  }
 ],
 "finding": "The winter reading opens a real comparison: a dry early window and a late window with frequent light rain. The regional record supplies no evidence of exceptional cold or sunlessness; a grey winter moment remains entirely possible.",
 "verdicts": [
  {
   "claim": "An exceptionally cold, sunless winter at Dublin Airport",
   "verdict": "Contradicts",
   "reason": "Both windows have fewer frost days and more sunshine than their same-station 1991–2020 averages. This verdict is regional only."
  },
  {
   "claim": "The exact weather and making of this picture",
   "verdict": "Unknown",
   "reason": "Winter is Nephos’s reading; the painted day, viewpoint and any later reworking remain unresolved."
  }
 ],
 "limits": [
  "A regional record cannot establish the temperature, cloud or snow cover at the sanatorium.",
  "The windows are kept separate. Rainfall estimates in comparison years are retained and counted; traces are not dry days.",
  "The 1991–2020 means are calculated from the downloaded Dublin file, not a published or homogenized normal. No climate trend is inferred.",
  "Only legible inscription fragments are transcribed. The holder’s image is linked because no open reproduction licence was established."
 ]
}