{
 "schema": "nephos.method.v1",
 "slug": "inness-conway-meadows",
 "title": "George Inness, Saco Ford: Conway Meadows (1876)",
 "urls": ["/studies/inness-conway-meadows"],
 "written": {
  "summary": "The museum dates the canvas to 1876. A contemporary notice, preserved in a modern transcription, places Inness sketching in North Conway in June 1875. The weather comparison covers that campaign’s calendar summer, not a documented period of work on this canvas.",
  "items": [
   {
    "quote": "George Inness and son, and John A. Monks are at the Kearsarge House, North Conway, sketching in the vicinity.",
    "source": "Boston Evening Transcript, 1 June 1875, quoted by White Mountain Art & Artists; original issue not inspected",
    "url": "https://www.whitemountainart.com/about-3/artists/j-a-s-monks/"
   },
   {
    "quote": "smoke or steam rather than clouds",
    "source": "Mount Holyoke College Art Museum, Look and Learn, p. 5; conditional interpretation in indexed text, original PDF unavailable",
    "url": "https://artmuseum.mtholyoke.edu/sites/default/files/families_tour_look_and_learn_0.pdf"
   }
  ]
 },
 "records": [
  {
   "name": "Portland, Maine: NOAA/NCEI daily precipitation",
   "detail": "June–August 1875; coastal regional context. Missing-presumed-zero flags remain unknown, not confirmed dry days.",
   "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/all/USC00176902.dly"
  },
  {
   "name": "NOAA/CDMP–MRCC Portland register and station history",
   "detail": "A second transcription of the same station record. A disagreement in a July rain amount is retained; this is not an independent gauge.",
   "url": "https://mrcc.purdue.edu/files/FORTS/Data/DAILYBYSTATE/ME_Portland.data.csv"
  },
  {
   "name": "Portland Daily Press, 7 July 1875, p. 4",
   "detail": "An Eastern Railroad advertisement explicitly names a train connection to North Conway. The scan was read and the excerpt is reproduced.",
   "url": "https://digitalmaine.com/pdp_1875/157/"
  }
 ],
 "gaps": [
  "The painting’s execution day, place of execution and particular preparatory studies have not been established.",
  "No accepted daily North Conway weather series or dated local weather witness was obtained.",
  "No openly licensed reproduction of this painting was verified; the holder’s page is linked."
 ],
 "tests": [
  {"claim": "Does the canvas date identify the weather to compare?", "result": "No. The museum’s 1876 date and the documented 1875 campaign are different kinds of evidence; neither dates this painted sky."},
  {"claim": "Could the low white forms belong to a railway?", "result": "A contemporary timetable supports the presence of service to North Conway. It does not identify a train, track or plume in the painting."},
  {"claim": "Can Portland’s rain validate the sky?", "result": "The daily entries establish rainfall at the coastal station during the campaign’s summer. They cannot establish the weather at the painted viewpoint."}
 ],
 "finding": "The records support a Conway campaign and contemporary railway service. The museum’s possible smoke or steam remains an interpretation, and the painted weather remains undated.",
 "verdicts": [
  {"claim": "Railway context", "verdict": "Partially agrees", "reason": "Service to North Conway is documented; a painted plume is not identified."},
  {"claim": "Weather of the canvas", "verdict": "Unknown", "reason": "No dated scene or local observation can be matched."}
 ],
 "limits": [
  "June–August 1875 is a seasonal frame, not an itinerary. Herbert’s relative execution date precedes Williston Hall’s November 1876 opening and is consistent with the museum’s 1876 year.",
  "The summit station and Portland are not substitutes for the meadow. No claim of a painted storm day, climate ranking or modern anomaly is made."
 ]
}