{
 "schema": "nephos.method.v1",
 "slug": "evans-arizona-c1920",
 "title": "Jessie Benton Evans, two Arizona landscapes, about 1920",
 "urls": [
  "/studies/evans-arizona-c1920"
 ],
 "written": {
  "summary": "Arizona Desert is catalogued c. 1920; the Purple Butte card is undated. Natalie Mead estimates both around 1920. Their exact sites, seasons and making histories are unestablished.",
  "items": [
   {
    "quote": "Both paintings by Jessie Benton Evans are likely to have been made around 1920.",
    "source": "Natalie Mead, email to the author, 9 October 2026; private correspondence",
    "url": "https://hsvmuseum.org/"
   },
   {
    "quote": "came to Scottsdale in 1911",
    "source": "Arizona Women’s Hall of Fame; artist context, not a painting location",
    "url": "https://www.azwhf.org/inductees/jessie-benton-evans"
   }
  ]
 },
 "records": [
  {
   "name": "Phoenix City, WBAN 93140",
   "detail": "Daily temperatures and precipitation for five separate full years, 1918–1922; rain totals compared with complete city years in 1896–1932. Trace days stay separate.",
   "url": "https://data.rcc-acis.org/StnData?params=%7B%22sid%22%3A%2293140+1%22%2C%22sdate%22%3A%221896-01-01%22%2C%22edate%22%3A%221932-12-31%22%2C%22elems%22%3A%5B%7B%22name%22%3A%22maxt%22%2C%22add%22%3A%22f%2Ct%2Ci%2Cn%2Cs%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22mint%22%2C%22add%22%3A%22f%2Ct%2Ci%2Cn%2Cs%22%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22pcpn%22%2C%22add%22%3A%22f%2Ct%2Ci%2Cn%2Cs%22%7D%5D%2C%22meta%22%3A%22name%2Cll%2Csids%22%7D"
  },
  {
   "name": "Mesa, USC00025467",
   "detail": "Separate regional check. Incomplete temperature periods stay blank; no gap filling or station pooling.",
   "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/all/USC00025467.dly"
  }
 ],
 "gaps": [
  "Neither title identifies a named landform or an exact viewpoint. Phoenix and Mesa supply context for Evans’s home region, not verified painted locations.",
  "No documented season, day, outdoor session or studio alteration. Full years avoid assigning a season from colour.",
  "No object-specific contemporary weather witness found. Rain and thermometer records do not measure painted colour, light or visibility."
 ],
 "tests": [
  {
   "claim": "Do the titles or palettes date the weather?",
   "result": "No. The curator’s colour comparison identifies the pair; it is not a seasonal or meteorological claim."
  },
  {
   "claim": "Was the home-region weather uniform around 1920?",
   "result": "No. The separate city records show substantial variation in recorded rainfall; monthly and annual values remain distinct."
  },
  {
   "claim": "Can a station confirm either painted sky?",
   "result": "No exact site or day connects the pictures to a measured sky."
  }
 ],
 "finding": "A regional context study for two approximately dated paintings. The weather record cannot explain the palettes or identify the painted day.",
 "verdicts": [
  {
   "claim": "The painted weather",
   "verdict": "Unknown",
   "reason": "Exact sites, days and seasons are unestablished."
  },
  {
   "claim": "What Evans changed",
   "verdict": "Unknown",
   "reason": "No object-specific making evidence has been established."
  }
 ],
 "limits": [
  "1918–1922 is a chosen comparison span around an approximate date, not a proven creation interval.",
  "Arizona is documented in the titles. Salt River Valley context follows the artist’s residence, not a landform identification.",
  "Precipitation amounts exclude unquantified traces, which are counted separately. Rain days do not establish cloud cover or visibility.",
  "Phoenix comparisons cross downtown station moves; no homogenization or modern-climate comparison is claimed. Mesa stays separate.",
  "The supplied thumbnails are not published; no open image licence or object-specific reproduction permission has been established."
 ]
}